The child chooses the correct animal pictures with names and sounds out of the options that are listed. The questions ask the children about the name of the sound created by the particular animal, and then we have listed four options. What is the sound made by a dolphin called? What is the sound made by a turkey called? What is the sound made by a grasshopper called? What is the sound made by a pigeon called? What is the sound made by a squirrel called? What is the sound made by a rabbit called? What is the sound made by a kangaroo called? What is the sound made by a hippopotamus called? What is the sound made by a giraffe called? What is the sound made by a camel called? What is the sound made by a tiger called? What is the sound made by an elephant called? What is the sound made by a monkey called? A squeak is a sound made by a squirrel.A trumpet is a sound made by an elephant.Cock-a-doodle-doo is the sound made by a rooster.A scream is a sound made by a chimpanzee.With rapid technological advances, automated acoustic monitoring of lion populations may not be far off. They hope that they will be able to determine whether the fundamental frequency alone conveys sufficient information on individual identity to enable vocal recognition. The scientists plan to develop their work by carrying out play-back experiments using modified calls. The ability to remotely evaluate the number of individual lions in a population from their roars could revolutionise the way in which lion populations are assessed.’Īndrew Markham, from the Department of Computer Science at Oxford, said: ‘Being able to accurately distinguish between individual roars using machine learning algorithms could facilitate the development of alternative techniques for assessing population density and tracking individual movements across the landscape.’ Loveridge, from WildCRU at the Department of Zoology, said: ‘African lion numbers are declining and developing cost effective tools for monitoring, and ultimately better protecting, populations is a conservation priority. They indicate that individual lions may be able to learn the subtle variations in the fundamental frequency of other lions’ roars and thereby associate particular variations with particular identities.Īndrew J. These new findings reveal a possible mechanism for individual vocal recognition amongst African lions. But little has been understood about how individuals convey identity information in the structure of their calls. Previous research has shown that lions can recognise the calls of other individuals, allowing them to locate distant companions and also to avoid potentially hostile neighbours. These findings suggest that the overall shape of the fundamental frequency ( f0) of the full-throated roar contour is consistent within each individuals’ roars and sufficiently different from other individuals to allow for accurate classification of individual identity. Results, published in Bioacoustics, reveal that it is possible to classify roars according to individual identity with 91.5% accuracy. With the data collected by the biologgers, the scientists trained a pattern recognition algorithm to “learn” each individual’s roars and then tested the algorithm on sequences that it had not seen before to determine whether the shape of the contour as a whole is an important distinguishing feature. ">Video of Vocal discrimination of African lions and its potential for collar-free tracking
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